Sorry man. Been away from the computer.
As has been mentioned, copper is copper is copper. Juice outside wants in, it'll run up the first highway it finds, be it phone / cable / line voltage. You know that.
As far as protection, there's no way to actually ground anything Cat5, as it doesn't build up any surplus (stray) voltage due to the twists, thus no need to dump the little remainder. If you've ever stripped a foot or two of cat5, look at the pairs - there are 4, and each is twisted at a different rate. This is so you don't have any cross-talk / interferance betwixt pairs, and it's what cuts the noise floor of data sent over it down so much vs "phone" line wire. Yada yada. Anywho, no grounding required / possible. But yes, you most certainly can surge protect it, by running it through anything (strip, APC, etc) that has cat5 In/Out ports. Get it where it first comes in, and you're as set as you can be. Here's the one wrinkle:
Surge protecters work by using something called MOV's (metal-oxide varistors) which are just these little catchers mitts for voltage. When something big comes through, it hits the MOV first, and burns it up all to shit, but stops there. MOV's can stop a ton of juice. BUT** they don't catch the smaller spikes. The average household gets over 1000 surges a year. Most are just 3 or 4 volts - lightning hits a mile away, etc. Anything under 10 volts is hard to even see in a light bulb... they'd just brighten a tad for half a second, then go back to normal (or blow the filament). Most gear you plug in at home can handle little spikes, but some things are touchier than others. Lightbulbs, stove, most tv's, no sweat. But it sounds like you had something right in the magic zone, big enough to nail your sensitive routing gear but small enough not to trigger the MOV in the strip. That's really rare.
I think there are line conditioners out there which will monitor and stop this, but they're $$.
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