Still rumored to exist:
The Tasmanian Tiger
The Thylacine is a member of the most remarkable group of mammals found in Australia. (Names such as marsupial wolf, marsupial dog, zebra dog, Tasmanian tiger, and Tasmanian wolf reflect this analogy.) This applies primarily to the shape of the head - especially the morphology of the skull - and the elongated body with its long tail. The animal's body structure and position of the legs are also rather congruous with that of a placental wolf, though the thylacine's legs are proportionately shorter. The feet bear blunt, non retractile claws. The Tasmanian Wolf was not a wolf nor a tiger. It was a marsupial, related to kangaroos.
Early European settlers in Tasmania are the originators of names such as marsupial wolf, pouched wolf, and native wolf. In recent times, the name thylacine has come into more popular use, deriving from the animal's scientific nomenclature. In older literature, one sometimes encounters names such as "opossum hyena", "native hyena" and "zebra opossum". The names Tasmanian tiger and native tiger are still in popular use up to this day. These are likely the oldest names, as even the Dutch helmsman Jacobszoon (who explored Tasmania in 1624) made mention of the footprints of a "tyger". Further descriptions of the Tasmanian "tiger" are found in the ship logs of the Dutch East India Company, and the convicts of the penal colony created in 1803 at Derwent River were familiar with the "native tiger".
The length of the body, from the tip of the nose to the tip of the tail, ranges between 4 ft - 6.5 ft., of which about a third (15 - 26 in.) is the tail. On average, males are somewhat larger than females. Measurements taken of 18 skeletons largely support these figures. Shoulder height is 14 - 24 in., but the highest point of the body is over the pelvis. When running, the hind limbs are arched at various angles, especially at the ankle. A body weight of 33 to 66 lb (15-30 kg) is estimated. When running, the tail swings about rather stiffly. The thylacine's 13 - 19 dark traverse stripes contrast markedly with the light grey to yellow brown coat color.
No living Thylacine has been seen for many years but, in August of 1961 it was reported that there was evidence to suggest that an animal which entered a trap on the west coast of Tasmania was in fact a Thylacine. It managed to escape, but left behind blood and hair that could later be identified.